Jurnal Agroqua: Media Informasi Agronomi dan Budidaya Perairan
Agroqua Journal is a journal managed by Agriculture Faculty, published by the University of Prof. Dr. Hazairin, SH, in the field of agronomy and aquaculture. The Agroqua Journal publishes research articles on advanced agronomy and aquaculture covering plant and fish cultivation, soil science, crop and fish protection against pests and diseases, agricultural and fishery post-harvest technology and business analysis of a crop and aquaculture technology.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internasional (CC BY 4.0) Licence that allows others to use and share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. The author(s) still hold the copyright of his/her/their work and retain publishing rights without restrictions such as (but not limited to) patent right, lecture, book and reproduce the article for own purposes.
Identifikasi Senyawa Alelokimia pada Ekstrak Akar Sorgum Menggunakan GC-MS dan Evaluasi Potensinya sebagai Bioherbisida
Weed control using synthetic herbicides has hurt the environment, prompting the need for more environmentally friendly weed management. This study aims to determine the allelochemical compounds contained in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) root extract and analyze its potential as a bioherbicide. This study was conducted from July to September 2023 at the Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University. Compound analysis used Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Root extraction was performed by maceration with methanol, and identification of organic compounds was performed by matching mass spectra to NIST. GC-MS analysis showed that sorghum root extract contained secondary metabolites with potential allelochemical activity, especially phenolics, organosulfur compounds, fatty acids, fatty acid amides, and alkaloids. Polar and semi-polar compounds with potential as water-based bioherbicides include 2-aminoethanethiol hydrogen sulfate (12.28%), 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran (2.16%), and phenol (1.40%). Furthermore, the dominant compounds identified were derived from unsaturated fatty acids, namely (9E)-9-octadecenoic acid (22.95%), trans-13-octadecenoic acid (16.48%), and 9-octadecenamide (5.67%), as well as indolizino-carbazole alkaloids (2.24%), suspected to contribute to phytotoxic activity due to disruption of cell membranes and metabolism of the target plant. This indicates that sorghum roots can serve as a natural source of bioherbicides to support a more sustainable weed control system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Edi Susilo, Nanik Setyowati, Hesti Pujiwati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Dan Sikap Pembudidaya Ikan Terhadap Program Dana Desa Pada Budidaya Ikan Lele Di Desa Lawang Agung Kecamatan Air Periukan Kabupaten Seluma
A positive attitude of fish farmers is crucial in the management of village funds to ensure that the objectives of fund allocation are achieved. Therefore, an evaluation of the implementation of the Village Fund Program, including the distribution mechanisms and activity implementation, is necessary. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Village Fund Program and analyze the attitudes of fish farmers toward the program in catfish aquaculture in Lawang Agung Village, Air Periukan Subdistrict, Seluma Regency. The research method employed was descriptive quantitative analysis measured using a Likert scale. The results indicate that, normatively and administratively, the program implementation has been well conducted. This is evidenced by indicators showing that the village government has presented village financial reports in community meetings (73%), disclosed the use of village funds transparently (83.1%), and utilized village funds in accordance with the expectations of fish farmers (77.3%). Regarding attitudes toward the Village Fund Program, of the 62 respondents surveyed, 48 respondents (78%) showed a positive attitude, while 14 respondents (22%) exhibited a negative attitude. Thus, fish farmers support and perceive that the achievement of the Village Fund Program in Lawang Agung Village, Air Periukan Subdistrict, Seluma Regency has provided benefits to the community.
Copyright (c) 2026 Amin Akbar, Herri Fariadi, Evi Andriani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik Lactobacillus Pada Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio)
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is one of the most widely cultured freshwater fish species. The use of probiotics in feed is a potential strategy to improve fish growth and survival. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary Lactobacillus probiotic supplementation on the growth performance and survival rate of common carp juveniles. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and three replicates was applied: P1 (control, without probiotic), P2 (10 mL/kg feed), P3 (15 mL/kg feed), and P4 (20 mL/kg feed). Juvenile common carp (4–5 cm) were reared for 40 days at a stocking density of 10 fish per container. ANOVA results showed that Lactobacillus supplementation significantly affected (P<0.05) growth performance and survival rate. The best results were obtained in P4 (20 mL/kg feed), with absolute weight gain of 1.47±0.22 g, absolute length gain of 0.86±0.86 cm, specific growth rate of 1.91±0.19% day⁻¹, feed conversion ratio of 1.07±0.12, and survival rate of 83.33±5.77%. In conclusion, supplementation of Lactobacillus at 20 mL/kg feed improved the growth performance and survival of common carp juveniles.
Copyright (c) 2026 Chika Clenecia Pakpahan, Suri Purnama Febri, Andika Putriningtias https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengaruh Media Tanam dan Dosis Pupuk Kandang Sapi Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Tomatoes are a type of fruit vegetable that has excellent prospects in agribusiness development due to its high economic value and high nutritional value. The successful growth and yield of tomato plants are greatly influenced by the condition of the planting medium and the availability of nutrients in the soil. The planting medium serves as a place for root attachment and as a provider of nutrients for plants. Therefore, selecting the right dose of organic fertilizer is very important to improve soil quality and support the growth of tomato plants. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best dose of cow manure and various planting media for the growth and yield of tomato plants. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors. The first factor is the planting medium (M) which is PMK soil (M1) and sandy black soil (M2). The second factor is the dose of cow manure (D) which consists of 500 g/plant (D1), 1000 g/plant (D2), 1500 g/plant (D3) and 2000 g/plant (D4). The observation data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance (F test). If the calculated F > F table 5%, then the difference between treatments was tested with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the application of cow manure with a dose of 2000 g/plant had a significant effect on observations of plant height, number of fruits and fruit weight. The sandy black soil medium had a significant effect on observations of root length, root volume, number of fruits and fruit weight.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sari Susanti, Meli Roslianti, Selviana Anggraini, Feri Agriani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengaruh Dosis KNO3 dan Waktu Aplikasi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Cabai Rawit Domba (Capsicum frutescens L) Di Media Polybag
The research was conducted in Kandang Limun sub-district, Muara Bangkahulu district, Bengkulu city from December 2024 to March 2025. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the dose and time of KNO3 application and its interaction on the growth and production of Capsicum frutescens L. The research used a factorial Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with a dose of KNO3 (K) with a factor level of K1 = 0 g/plant. K2 = 6 g/plant. K3 = 12 g/plant. Factor 2 is the time of application (W) with the level: W1 = 0 WAP, W2 = 3 WAP. W3 = 6 WAP. The study's results concluded that the dose and timing of KNO3 fertilizer application, as well as their interaction, did not significantly affect the growth variables of chili plants. The time of KNO3 fertilizer application showed a significant effect on fruit length variables. The best fruit length was produced by the 6 WAP fertilizer application treatment (3.11 cm) compared to the 3 WAP treatment (2.89 cm) and the fertilization time at the start of planting 0 WAP (0.56 cm).
Copyright (c) 2026 Mesti, Nurlianti Pertiwi, Prihanani, Farida Aryani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Effects of Local Microorganisms and Variety Interaction on Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Melon (Cucumis melo L.)
The increasing demand for melons has not been accompanied by a proportional increase in production. This study was conducted from January to April 2024 in Kandang Limun, Bengkulu, Indonesia, and aimed to evaluate the most suitable melon varieties and types of local microorganisms (MOL) to improve plant growth, yield, and fruit quality. The experiment was arranged in a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors: three melon varieties (Gracia, Sonya, and Tavia) and four MOL treatments (MOL from stale rice, papaya MOL, bamboo shoot MOL, and a control without MOL). These factors produced 12 treatment combinations, each replicated three times, resulting in 36 experimental units and a total of 108 plants. The results showed a significant interaction between melon varieties and MOL types on fruit diameter, sweetness, and hardness. The largest fruit diameter (15,2 cm) was obtained from the Tavia variety treated with papaya MOL. The highest fruit sweetness (11,9 oBrix) was observed in the Sonya variety with papaya MOL, while the highest fruit hardness (3,2 kg cm-2) was recorded in the Gracia variety without MOL. Overall, the Tavia variety exhibited the best performance in terms of growth, yield, and fruit quality. Among the treatments, papaya MOL showed the most favorable effect, particularly in enhancing fruit diameter and sweetness.
melon cultivation, Cucumis melo, local microorganisms, MOL, sustainable agriculture, fruit quality, crop productivity, biofertilizer
Copyright (c) 2026 Anita Hazimah Putri, Jon Yawahar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Karakteristik Agronomis 10 Galur Tanaman Tomat Hasil Persilanggan Pada Budidaya Organik
This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of ten tomato breeding lines under an organic cultivation system and to identify potential lines for further development. The experiment was conducted from March to July 2025 in Bengkulu, Indonesia, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with ten tomato breeding lines and three replications. The tested lines were G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G9, G12, G13, G15, and G16. Each experimental unit consisted of three plants, resulting in a total of 90 plants. Organic cultivation practices included the application of goat manure, fermented liquid organic fertilizer, and botanical pesticides derived from garlic extract. Observed variables included vegetative growth, reproductive traits, and yield components. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% level when significant differences occurred. The results showed that the tested tomato breeding lines did not differ significantly in plant height, leaf number, branch number, stem diameter, flowering age, harvesting age, flower number, fruit number, fruit weight, and fruit diameter. However, descriptive evaluation indicated that G12 and G15 consistently produced higher flower number, fruit number, and fruit weight than the other lines. These findings suggest that all tested lines exhibited relatively stable adaptation under organic cultivation conditions, while G12 and G15 showed greater potential for further multilocation evaluation and organic tomato breeding programs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Rustianti, Sri Mulatsih, Duni Sahputra, Prihanani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Keragaan Morfologi Salak (Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss) Di Provinsi Bengkulu
Snake fruit (Salacca zalacca (Gaertn) is a tropical fruit crop that is widely favored by consumers and possesses high economic value. To increase snake fruit production in Bengkulu Province, plant breeding efforts are required to develop superior, location-specific cultivars. Morphological characterization is essential for identifying genotype characteristics that can serve as plant descriptors and facilitate the selection of desirable traits. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and morphological performance of snake fruit genotypes in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. Twelve snake fruit genotypes were observed, namely Bali, Pondoh, Condet, Sinase, Lumut, Manggis, Gula Pasir, Hutan, Gading, Manon Jaya, Madu, and Banjarnegara. A total of 27 morphological characters were evaluated. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Student’s t-test. The results revealed considerable morphological variation among the evaluated genotypes. Based on fruit cluster yield components, including the number of fruits per cluster and the number of clusters per plant, genotypes S7 (Gula Pasir) and S8 (Hutan) showed the greatest potential for high economic value. Meanwhile, genotype S6 (Manggis) exhibited superior fruit quality traits, including fruit flesh weight, edible portion, and flesh thickness. These findings indicate the existence of substantial genetic variability among snake fruit genotypes in Bengkulu and provide valuable information for future breeding and selection programs aimed at developing high-yielding and superior-quality cultivars.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lalan Darham Daulay, Rustikawati, Catur Herison https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Rizobakteri Antagonis Sebagai Agen Biokontrol Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici Penyebab Layu Fusarium Pada Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.)
Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici is one of the most destructive diseases affecting red chili pepper cultivation because it significantly reduces plant growth and yield. Disease management that still relies on synthetic fungicides may increase environmental pollution and promote pathogen resistance; therefore, environmentally friendly control alternatives are required. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of several local rhizobacterial isolates as antagonistic agents against Fusarium wilt in red chili pepper. The novelty of this study lies in the evaluation of indigenous rhizobacterial isolates with dual functions as antagonistic agents against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici and as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) capable of enhancing red chili pepper growth under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The results showed that all rhizobacterial isolates significantly inhibited pathogen growth. Isolate UBI-Rz04 exhibited the highest inhibition rate of 85.78% and the lowest fungal biomass (0.03 g) under in vitro conditions. In the in vivo assay, isolate UBI-Rz01 reduced disease incidence to 44.67%, compared with 80.00% in the control, and suppressed the pathogen population to 3.33 × 10⁵ CFU/g soil. Rhizobacterial application also improved red chili pepper growth. These findings indicate that local rhizobacteria have strong potential as environmentally friendly biological control agents for sustainable red chili pepper cultivation.
Rhizobacteria, Fusarium wilt, Capsicum annuum, biological control, PGPR
Copyright (c) 2026 Selviana Anggraini, Rahil Ade Rifqah, Pajri Ananta Yudha, Dini Puspita Yanty, Poppy Khairunnisa, Sumini, Aslan Sari Thesiwati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluasi Karakter Agronomi Beberapa Calon Varietas Paria (Momordica Charantia L.) Sebagai Dasar Seleksi Varietas Unggul
Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is a horticultural crop with high potential for development through breeding of high-yielding varieties. This study aimed to evaluate agronomic characteristics and yield potential of the bitter gourd hybrid candidate PRBI001 compared with three check varieties, namely YSPA 095, MC 2604, and PJHL 912. The research was conducted at PT Dinasty Inti Agrosarana, Banguntapan District, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, from December 2025 to April 2026. A non-factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with four varieties and four replications. Each plot consisted of 40 plants with 12 sampled plants per plot. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% significance level, followed by Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test at 5% using PKBT-STAT 3.2 software. The results showed that variety had significant to highly significant effects on several agronomic traits, with a coefficient of variation ranging from 0.25% to 9.71%. PRBI001 exhibited superior performance in leaf width (18.66 cm), fruit length (33.14 cm), flesh thickness (1.06 cm), fruit weight (337.30 g), fruit weight per plant (3.53 kg plant⁻¹), fruit weight per plot (121.87 kg plot⁻¹), yield (62.81 ton ha⁻¹), and 1000-seed weight (197.96 g). These traits can be used as priority selection criteria in breeding programs. Overall, PRBI001 shows strong potential to be developed as a superior bitter gourd hybrid variety with high yield performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arfian Faqih Rahmani, Sari Megawati, Asih Farmia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Efektivitas Dry Heat Treatment pada Benih dalam Menekan Gejala yang Diduga Disebabkan oleh Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) pada Beberapa Galur Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) Fase Vegetatif
Chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are an important horticultural commodity susceptible to seed-borne virus infections, including Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV), which can reduce plant productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Dry Heat Treatment (DHT) in suppressing the appearance of symptoms suspected to be related to TMV infection in several chili lines. The study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors and four replications. The first factor consisted of seeds without DHT treatment and seeds with DHT treatment, while the second factor consisted of three chili lines. Observations were made on the percentage of plants showing symptoms of mosaic, chlorosis, leaf curl, and growth inhibition in the vegetative phase. Percentage data were transformed using arcsine transformation before being analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% level. The results showed that DHT treatment was able to reduce the percentage of symptomatic plants from 29.67% in untreated seeds to 10.33% in DHT-treated seeds. The combination of DHT-free treatment on the K3 strain resulted in the highest symptom percentage of 47.02%, while DHT treatment on all strains reduced the symptom percentage. The strain factor had no significant effect, while the interaction between DHT and the strain significantly affected the percentage of symptomatic plants. These results indicate that DHT has the potential to be applied as an environmentally friendly seed sanitation method to suppress seed-borne pathogens in chili plants. However, the identification of TMV in this study was based on field symptoms and has not been confirmed using serological or molecular methods.
Copyright (c) 2026 Febri Kristianto, Sari Megawati, Suharno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Influence of Gas Pressure on The Generation of Nanobubbles For Enhanced Dissolved Oxygen
Nanobubble (NB) technology produces highly stable nano-sized bubbles with wide applications in water treatment, agriculture, and aquaculture. This study analyses the influence of gas pressure on NB formation, bubble size distribution, and dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in water, aiming to understand how pressure affects NB characteristics and oxygen dissolution efficiency. NBs were generated using a cartridge nozzle with pressurised oxygen gas at pressure values of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 kPa for 30 minutes. The results show that gas pressure is a key parameter for nanobubble size and distribution. At a pressure of 0.1 kPa, the average size was 170 nm, decreasing to 110 nm at 0.2 kPa and 93 nm at 0.3 kPa with a more homogeneous size distribution. As the NB size decreased, the DO concentration increased. The initial DO value of 2.42 mg/L increased rapidly over the first 5 minutes to 32.40 mg/L and then to 35.34 mg/L after 30 minutes for 0,3 kPa pressure. This trend is similar to NBs produced at another pressure. This study confirms that gas pressure variation is an important parameter in controlling NB formation and increasing DO, thereby supporting the development of efficient aeration technology for various applications.
Nanobubbles, Gas Pressure, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Nanobubble Size
Copyright (c) 2026 Mita Fitriani, Ananda Aulia Parahita, Devi Yunanda, Raden Ayu Nurul Khotimah, Fairuz Gianirfan Nugroho, Arief dwi Rohman, Abu Saad Ansari, Prastika Krisma Jiwanti, Nurul Taufiqu Rochman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Potensi Minyak dan Tepung Ikan Tuna (Thunnus albacares) Hasil Perikanan Tangkap Provinsi Bengkulu Sebagai Bahan Fortifikasi Pangan Bergizi
Tuna fish (Thunnus albacares.) is one of the capture fisheries commodities with significant potential to be developed as a nutritious food ingredient to support food diversification. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of tuna fish oil and tuna fish flour derived from capture fisheries in Bengkulu Province as ingredients for nutritious food formulations through yield and chemical characteristic analyses. The study was conducted by processing tuna into fish oil using an oven-heating method at 100°C for 6 hours, while the residual solid from the oil extraction process was further processed into fish flour using a food dehydrator at 90°C for 8 hours. The analyzed parameters included the yield of fish oil and fish flour, moisture content, free fatty acids (FFA), protein content, fat content, and carbohydrate content. The results showed that the yield of tuna fish oil was 10.46%, while the yield of tuna fish flour reached 26.75%. Tuna fish oil had a moisture content of 0.47% and an FFA value of 0.86%, both of which met fish oil quality standards. Meanwhile, tuna fish flour contained 9.14% moisture, 53.45% protein, 6.92% fat, and 22.63% carbohydrates. These findings indicate that tuna fish oil and fish flour have strong potential as raw materials for functional food and food fortification due to their high protein content and omega-3 fatty acids, which provide important health benefits. The combined utilization of tuna fish oil and fish flour has the potential to produce food products with more complete nutritional value and higher added value in supporting local resource-based food diversification.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wica Elvina, Kurnia Dewiani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Finansial Usahatani Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L) Di Desa Kayu Elang Kecamatan Semidang Alas Kabupaten Seluma
Financial Analysis of Welshaw rice (Oryza sativa L) farming in Kayu Elang Village, Semidang Alas District, Seluma Regency. This study aims to examine the financial analysis of Welshaw rice farming in Kayu Elang Village, Semidang Alas District, Seluma Regency. The sample consists of financial farmers. The research was conducted from August 2025 to November 2025. The data used included both primary and secondary data. The variables analyzed were average production, production costs, revenue, income, and the R/C ratio. The results show that the average land area is 0.42 hectares. The average production is 931 kg of rice per farming unit, and the average production cost is Rp. 3,850,796 per unit, the average revenue is IDR 11,636,486 per unit, and the average income is Rp. 7,785,690 per unit, and the R/C ratio is 3.02. Thus, rice farming in Kayu Elang village is worth pursuing.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sarina, Edrianto, Indah Fitria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Efisiensi Produksi Menggunakan Metode Full Costing dan Break Even Point Pada Agroindustri Keripik Pisang Di Bandar Lampung
This study aims to analyze the production efficiency of Melte Vanana banana chips agroindustry through the calculation of COGS using the full costing method, BEP analysis, and mapping the marketing structure applied by CV. Vanana Jaya Sinergi in Bandar Lampung City. The study was conducted in January 2025 using a mixed methods approach integrating quantitative and qualitative analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participatory observation, and documentation involving eleven respondents directly engaged in the production and marketing chain. The sampling method applied was purposive sampling based on the respondents’ direct involvement in the production and marketing processes. Data validity was ensured through triangulation of sources and methods. The results showed that COGS per package varied across flavors: Vanilla Milk (IDR 4,696), Green Tea (IDR 5,014), Yummy Chocolate (IDR 5,656), Coffee Latte (IDR 5,788), and Cheese Melt (IDR 5,868), with a uniform selling price of IDR 10,000/unit, generating profit margins ranging from 41% to 53%. The overall Gross Profit Margin (GPM) reached 57.2%, exceeding the average of similar micro, small and medium enterprises. All product variants operated above the BEP with significant margins of safety. The marketing structure operated through three tiers distributors, agents, and resellers with a farmer share of 66.7%, indicating an efficient marketing channel. This study concludes that Melte Vanana agroindustry has achieved good production and marketing efficiency. A key limitation is the concentration of raw material supply (78%) on a single supplier, which poses a significant supply chain risk. Future research is recommended to incorporate BEP sensitivity analysis and broader multi-period data.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mega Rahma Sari, Sumantri, Satria Putra Utama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Efektivitas Rumpon Sebagai Struktur Habitat Dalam Menekan Kanibalisme Pada Benih Ikan Baung (Mystus nemurus) Di Kolam Bulat
This study investigated the effectiveness of artificial shelter structures (rumpon) in reducing cannibalism and improving the survival rate of baung fish (Mystus nemurus) fry cultured in circular ponds. Cannibalism is one of the major constraints in baung fish hatchery production because it significantly decreases fry survival and productivity. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments, namely control (without rumpon), full rumpon, ¾ rumpon, and ½ rumpon, with three replications for each treatment was applied. Parameters observed included survival rate and water quality (temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), while water quality parameters were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the full rumpon treatment produced the highest survival rate (56%), followed by ½ rumpon (50%), ¾ rumpon (45%), and control (13%). The presence of rumpon increased habitat complexity, reduced direct interactions among fry, minimized cannibalistic behavior, and consequently improved survival. This study demonstrates that coconut leaf rumpon can serve as a simple, environmentally friendly, and low-cost habitat modification technology to enhance baung fish hatchery performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Murtini, Kadek Adi Suwandana, Neksidin, Selviana Anggraini, Mahadi Suroso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perbandingan Respon Pertumbuhan dan Efisiensi Pakan Ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias Gariepinus) Pada Berbagai Dosis Sinbiotik Berbasis Probiotik Rabal dan Ekstrak Ubi Jalar
The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth response, feed utilization efficiency, and survival rate of Sangkuriang catfish (Clarias gariepinus) that were fed diets supplemented with various doses of a synbiotic formulated from Rabal probiotics and sweet potato extract. The 60-day experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three synbiotic dosage treatments: P1 (5%), P2 (10%), and P3 (15%), with four replicates per treatment. The study focused on comparing growth responses among synbiotic dosage levels and did not include a control treatment without synbiotic supplementation (P0). Therefore, the results could only be interpreted in terms of comparisons among the tested synbiotic doses. Observed parameters included weight gain, length gain, feed efficiency, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival rate. The results showed that different synbiotic doses produced significantly different growth responses (p < 0.01). The highest growth performance was obtained in the P3 treatment (15% synbiotic), resulting in the greatest weight (25.75 ± 0.20 g) and length (8.31 ± 0.02 cm) gains. Feed efficiency increased, reaching 0.80 in P3, while the FCR decreased to 1.29. However, the differences in feed efficiency and FCR among the treatments were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The survival rate remained high, reaching 100% in all treatments. These findings suggest that higher synbiotic doses tend to produce better growth performance within the tested dosage levels while maintaining a high survival rate and comparable feed utilization efficiency in Sangkuriang catfish.
Copyright (c) 2026 Santri Purari Putra, Dedi Pardiansyah, Zulkhasyni, Reza Wahyuni, Mega Rahma Sari, Andi Komandala Pratama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Model Pengembangan Usaha Menengah Kecil dan Mikro (UMKM) Herbal Berbasis Digital: Studi Kasus Pada Jamu Kito Kota Bengkulu
Digital transformation has become a critical factor in enhancing the competitiveness and sustainability of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), particularly those operating in the herbal-based industry. However, limited studies have comprehensively examined the integration of product innovation, digital marketing, customer relationship management (CRM), and organizational resilience within herbal MSMEs in regional areas of Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the development strategy of Jamu Kito, a herbal MSME in Bengkulu City, and to formulate a model for strengthening its competitiveness in the digital era. The research was conducted in April 2025 using a qualitative case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the business owner, field observations, and business documentation, and were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The results indicated that Jamu Kito’s competitive advantage was derived from the utilization of natural ingredients without synthetic preservatives, customer-driven product innovation, digital-based marketing activities, and customer relationship management practices that strengthened customer trust and loyalty. The study also revealed that the business demonstrated strong organizational resilience through adaptive strategies implemented after a major fire incident. The novelty of this research lies in the development of an integrated competitiveness model that combines entrepreneurial orientation, herbal product innovation, digital marketing, customer relationship management, and organizational resilience. The proposed model provides both theoretical and practical contributions to the development of sustainable herbal MSMEs in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dina Hasta Ningsih, Diogi Putra Befa, Sarina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Kontrol Karakteristik Fisik-Kimia Tanah Terhadap Emisi CO2 Pada Berbagai Penggunaan Lahan Mineral Tropis
Variations in land-use types and management intensity significantly alter soil physical-chemical properties and dictate carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions fluxes. This study aimed to model the control of soil physical-chemical characteristics on soil CO2 emission rates across various tropical mineral land-use types in Seginim District, South Bengkulu Regency. Utilizing an observational edaphic dataset across six dominant land-use types (corn, oil palm, natural forest, vegetables, coffee, and rubber) with three replications (N=18), advanced statistical modeling via Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression was performed. Soil CO2 emissions were measured in-situ using the modified closed-chamber method followed by alkali absorption titration, while edaphic variables (soil moisture, temperature, bulk density, and pH) were evaluated using standard laboratory procedures. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression. The results revealed that intensive land-use types, namely corn (51.65 ± 2.31 kg/ha/day) and vegetables (43.80 ± 2.75 kg/ha/day), doubled CO2 emissions compared to natural forest (21.87 ± 1.36 kg/ha/day). Soil moisture and bulk density acted as the master variables controlling the emissions. Soil moisture alone showed a strong negative correlation, explaining 83.72% of the emission variance (r = -0.91; p < 0.01). Integrating all edaphic components into a multivariate regression model significantly increased the predictive power to 97.22% (R2 = 0.9722; p < 0.001), driven by the severe physical inhibition effect of bulk density (β = -30.83; p < 0.001). Conversely, soil temperature and pH exerted no significant partial effects due to microclimatic buffering. This study concludes that soil physical properties rigidly govern CO2 emissions across different tropical mineral land uses. Consequently, climate change mitigation strategies must prioritize protecting soil physical structures through water management and compaction prevention rather than chemical manipulation.
Emissions in Various Tropical Mineral Land Uses
Copyright (c) 2026 Wahyudi Febrianto Putra, Risvan Anwar, Mega Rahma Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0